1999
Goran, M I; Malina, R M
Fat distribution during childhood and adolescence: Implications for later health outcome Journal Article
In: Am J Hum Biol., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 187-188, 1999.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: fat distribution
@article{pmid11533942,
title = {Fat distribution during childhood and adolescence: Implications for later health outcome},
author = {M I Goran and R M Malina},
doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1520-6300(1999)11:2<187::AID-AJHB6>3.0.CO;2-4},
year = {1999},
date = {1999-07-10},
journal = {Am J Hum Biol.},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {187-188},
keywords = {fat distribution},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
1998
Gower, B A; Nagy, T R; Goran, M I; Toth, M J; Poehlman, E T
Fat distribution and plasma lipid-lipoprotein concentrations in pre- and postmenopausal wome Journal Article
In: Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord., vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 605-11, 1998.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: fat distribution
@article{pmid9705017,
title = {Fat distribution and plasma lipid-lipoprotein concentrations in pre- and postmenopausal wome},
author = {B A Gower and T R Nagy and M I Goran and M J Toth and E T Poehlman},
doi = {10.1038/sj.ijo.0800633},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-07-10},
journal = {Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.},
volume = {22},
number = {7},
pages = {605-11},
abstract = {Objective: In the postmenopausal years, women develop a central pattern of fat distribution and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The possibility that these events are related has not been extensively investigated. The object of the present study was to test the hypotheses that, 1) menopause-related differences in lipids are associated with greater estimated intra-abdominal adiposity, and 2) the relationship between individual adipose depots and plasma lipids differs with menopausal status.
Design: Cross-sectional.
Subjects: 141 healthy pre- and postmenopausal women aged 35-65 y.
Measurements: Total body fat by hydrodensitometry was used as an index of whole-body adiposity, the sum of five central skinfold measurements as an index of subcutaneous upper-body adiposity, and estimated intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAF) as an index of visceral adiposity. Fasting plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (total-C), high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), and triglycerides were used as indices of CVD risk.
Results: Postmenopausal women had greater total body fat (P < 0.001), summed central skinfolds (P < 0.01), estimated IAF (P < 0.001), higher plasma concentrations of total-C (P < 0.001), LDL-C (P < 0.001) and triglycerides (P < 0.001), than premenopausal women. The relationship between central skinfolds and LDL-C differed with menopausal status, being significant in pre- but not postmenopausal women. Adjustment for estimated IAF with analysis of covariance decreased menopause-related differences in levels of total-C, LDL-C and triglycerides by approx 40-70%.
Conclusion: These observations suggest that, 1) menopause-related changes in IAF may adversely affect the plasma lipid profile, and 2) menopausal status affects the relationship between central subcutaneous fat and LDL-C. Studies with measured IAF are needed to confirm present results.},
keywords = {fat distribution},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Design: Cross-sectional.
Subjects: 141 healthy pre- and postmenopausal women aged 35-65 y.
Measurements: Total body fat by hydrodensitometry was used as an index of whole-body adiposity, the sum of five central skinfold measurements as an index of subcutaneous upper-body adiposity, and estimated intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAF) as an index of visceral adiposity. Fasting plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (total-C), high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), and triglycerides were used as indices of CVD risk.
Results: Postmenopausal women had greater total body fat (P < 0.001), summed central skinfolds (P < 0.01), estimated IAF (P < 0.001), higher plasma concentrations of total-C (P < 0.001), LDL-C (P < 0.001) and triglycerides (P < 0.001), than premenopausal women. The relationship between central skinfolds and LDL-C differed with menopausal status, being significant in pre- but not postmenopausal women. Adjustment for estimated IAF with analysis of covariance decreased menopause-related differences in levels of total-C, LDL-C and triglycerides by approx 40-70%.
Conclusion: These observations suggest that, 1) menopause-related changes in IAF may adversely affect the plasma lipid profile, and 2) menopausal status affects the relationship between central subcutaneous fat and LDL-C. Studies with measured IAF are needed to confirm present results.
Gower, B A; Nagy, T R; Trowbridge, C A; Dezenberg, C; Goran, M I
Fat distribution and insulin response in prepubertal African American and white childre Journal Article
In: Am J Clin Nutr., vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 821-7, 1998.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: fat distribution
@article{pmid9583837,
title = {Fat distribution and insulin response in prepubertal African American and white childre},
author = {B A Gower and T R Nagy and C A Trowbridge and C Dezenberg and M I Goran},
doi = {10.1093/ajcn/67.5.821},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-07-10},
journal = {Am J Clin Nutr.},
volume = {67},
number = {5},
pages = {821-7},
abstract = {Ethnic differences in obesity-related disease prevalence may relate to differences in fat distribution or metabolism. We conducted a study in 73 African American and white children to examine the relation between fat distribution and insulin and to determine whether ethnic differences in fat distribution or in adiposity-insulin relations contribute to differences in insulin concentrations. Fasting and postchallenge insulin concentrations were determined by oral-glucose-tolerance test, total body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and subcutaneous abdominal (SAAT) and intraabdominal (IAAT) adipose tissue by computerized tomography. African Americans had greater fasting insulin (x +/- SD: 79 +/- 37 compared with 55 +/- 23 pmol/L, P < 0.01), incremental 30-min insulin (567 +/- 438 compared with 300 +/- 304 pmol/L, P < 0.001), and incremental area under the insulin curve (AUC; 262 +/- 209 compared with 164 +/- 156 pmol/L, P < 0.01). In multiple linear regression, fasting insulin was independently related to total fat within both ethnic groups (model R2 = 0.42 and 0.52 for African Americans and whites, respectively), incremental 30-min insulin to total fat and IAAT in whites only (model R2 = 0.71), and AUC to SAAT in African Americans only (model R2 = 0.49). Adjusting insulin indexes for adiposity did not eliminate the significant effect of ethnicity. In general, relations between adiposity and insulin were stronger in whites than in African Americans. African American children had higher insulin concentrations than white children after total body fat, IAAT, and SAAT were controlled for. However, strong relations between adiposity (total and abdominal) and insulin in both groups suggest that obesity may contribute to disease risk regardless of ethnicity.
},
keywords = {fat distribution},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}