2013
Alderete, TL; Toledo-Corral, CM; Desai, P; Weigensberg, MJ; Goran, MI
Liver fat has a stronger association with risk factors for type 2 diabetes in African-American compared with Hispanic adolescents Journal Article
In: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., vol. 98, no. 9, pp. 3748–3754, 2013.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: latino, liver fat
@article{pmid23873990,
title = {Liver fat has a stronger association with risk factors for type 2 diabetes in African-American compared with Hispanic adolescents},
author = {TL Alderete and CM Toledo-Corral and P Desai and MJ Weigensberg and MI Goran
},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-09-01},
journal = {J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.},
volume = {98},
number = {9},
pages = {3748--3754},
abstract = {Although overweight and obese African-Americans (AAs) have less visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver fat (LF) than Hispanics, they have a similar risk for type 2 diabetes. We examined ethnic differences in the association between VAT and LF with risk factors for type 2 diabetes to help explain this paradox. We conducted a cross-sectional study in an academic pediatric care facility. Subjects were overweight and obese AA (n = 131; 15.5 ± 3.3 years old) and Hispanic adolescents (n = 227; 14.7 ± 3.0 years old). Outcome measures included insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR), and disposition index (DI) by frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. LF, not VAT, was inversely associated with SI, and the effect of high LF compared with low was more pronounced in AAs (P(interaction) < .05). In Hispanics, high LF was associated with a 24% lower SI (P < .01) and a 31% increase in AIR (P < .01) and was not associated with DI (P = .35). In AAs, high LF was associated with a 49% lower SI (P < .001), was not associated with an increase in AIR (P = .25), and was associated with a 42% lower DI (P < .01), indicating failure of compensatory insulin secretion/clearance in response to insulin resistance. Prediabetes changed the relationship between high/low LF and DI in Hispanics (P(interaction) = .002) but not AAs such that prediabetic Hispanics with high LF had a 43% lower DI (P = .03) with no difference in those without prediabetes (P = .06). LF has a stronger effect on SI compared with VAT. Our results suggest that the impact of high LF on poor β-cell compensation is more pronounced in AAs. In Hispanics, the combination of high LF and prediabetes contributes to poor β-cell compensation.},
keywords = {latino, liver fat},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Although overweight and obese African-Americans (AAs) have less visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver fat (LF) than Hispanics, they have a similar risk for type 2 diabetes. We examined ethnic differences in the association between VAT and LF with risk factors for type 2 diabetes to help explain this paradox. We conducted a cross-sectional study in an academic pediatric care facility. Subjects were overweight and obese AA (n = 131; 15.5 ± 3.3 years old) and Hispanic adolescents (n = 227; 14.7 ± 3.0 years old). Outcome measures included insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR), and disposition index (DI) by frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. LF, not VAT, was inversely associated with SI, and the effect of high LF compared with low was more pronounced in AAs (P(interaction) < .05). In Hispanics, high LF was associated with a 24% lower SI (P < .01) and a 31% increase in AIR (P < .01) and was not associated with DI (P = .35). In AAs, high LF was associated with a 49% lower SI (P < .001), was not associated with an increase in AIR (P = .25), and was associated with a 42% lower DI (P < .01), indicating failure of compensatory insulin secretion/clearance in response to insulin resistance. Prediabetes changed the relationship between high/low LF and DI in Hispanics (P(interaction) = .002) but not AAs such that prediabetic Hispanics with high LF had a 43% lower DI (P = .03) with no difference in those without prediabetes (P = .06). LF has a stronger effect on SI compared with VAT. Our results suggest that the impact of high LF on poor β-cell compensation is more pronounced in AAs. In Hispanics, the combination of high LF and prediabetes contributes to poor β-cell compensation.
2007
Davis, J N; Ventura, E E; Alexander, K E; Salguero, L E; Weigensberg, M J; Crespo, N C; Spruijt-Metz, D; Goran, M I
Feasibility of a home-based versus classroom-based nutrition intervention to reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes in Latino youth Journal Article
In: Int J Pediatr Obes., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 22-30, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: latino
@article{pmid17763007,
title = {Feasibility of a home-based versus classroom-based nutrition intervention to reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes in Latino youth},
author = {J N Davis and E E Ventura and K E Alexander and L E Salguero and M J Weigensberg and N C Crespo and D Spruijt-Metz and M I Goran},
doi = {10.1080/17477160601133077},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-07-10},
journal = {Int J Pediatr Obes.},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
pages = {22-30},
abstract = {Objectives: The objectives of this pilot study were to compare the dietary, physiological and metabolic effects of 12-week modified carbohydrate nutrition intervention when disseminated in an individualized home-based format versus a group classroom-based format.
Methods: Twenty-three overweight (>/=85(th) percentile BMI) Latina adolescent females (12-17 years of age) were randomized to a 12-week modified carbohydrate dietary intervention delivered in either an individualized home-based format (n = 11) or a group classroom-based format (n = 12). Anthropometrics, dietary intake by 3-day diet records, insulin dynamics by extended 3-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT) and body composition by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured before and after intervention; 24-hour diet recalls were collected once or twice per month throughout the program.
Results: Mixed modeling showed no significant differences in changes in dietary intake between intervention groups, but both groups significantly reduced intake of added sugar, sugary beverages and refined carbohydrates by 33%, 66%, and 35%, respectively, and dietary fiber significantly increased by 44% (p <0.01) throughout the 12 weeks. There was a significant time effect for BMI z-scores within each intervention group (p <0.05). There was no significant time*intervention group interaction for any of the physiological or metabolic variables, indicating that change over time was not significantly different between intervention groups.
Conclusions: Although a culturally tailored, modified carbohydrate dietary intervention led to significant improvements in dietary intake and BMI z-scores, the extremely intensive, individualized, home-based program was no more effective at improving diet, decreasing adiposity or reducing type 2 diabetes risk factors than the traditional classroom-based format.},
keywords = {latino},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectives: The objectives of this pilot study were to compare the dietary, physiological and metabolic effects of 12-week modified carbohydrate nutrition intervention when disseminated in an individualized home-based format versus a group classroom-based format.
Methods: Twenty-three overweight (>/=85(th) percentile BMI) Latina adolescent females (12-17 years of age) were randomized to a 12-week modified carbohydrate dietary intervention delivered in either an individualized home-based format (n = 11) or a group classroom-based format (n = 12). Anthropometrics, dietary intake by 3-day diet records, insulin dynamics by extended 3-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT) and body composition by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured before and after intervention; 24-hour diet recalls were collected once or twice per month throughout the program.
Results: Mixed modeling showed no significant differences in changes in dietary intake between intervention groups, but both groups significantly reduced intake of added sugar, sugary beverages and refined carbohydrates by 33%, 66%, and 35%, respectively, and dietary fiber significantly increased by 44% (p <0.01) throughout the 12 weeks. There was a significant time effect for BMI z-scores within each intervention group (p <0.05). There was no significant time*intervention group interaction for any of the physiological or metabolic variables, indicating that change over time was not significantly different between intervention groups.
Conclusions: Although a culturally tailored, modified carbohydrate dietary intervention led to significant improvements in dietary intake and BMI z-scores, the extremely intensive, individualized, home-based program was no more effective at improving diet, decreasing adiposity or reducing type 2 diabetes risk factors than the traditional classroom-based format.
Methods: Twenty-three overweight (>/=85(th) percentile BMI) Latina adolescent females (12-17 years of age) were randomized to a 12-week modified carbohydrate dietary intervention delivered in either an individualized home-based format (n = 11) or a group classroom-based format (n = 12). Anthropometrics, dietary intake by 3-day diet records, insulin dynamics by extended 3-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT) and body composition by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured before and after intervention; 24-hour diet recalls were collected once or twice per month throughout the program.
Results: Mixed modeling showed no significant differences in changes in dietary intake between intervention groups, but both groups significantly reduced intake of added sugar, sugary beverages and refined carbohydrates by 33%, 66%, and 35%, respectively, and dietary fiber significantly increased by 44% (p <0.01) throughout the 12 weeks. There was a significant time effect for BMI z-scores within each intervention group (p <0.05). There was no significant time*intervention group interaction for any of the physiological or metabolic variables, indicating that change over time was not significantly different between intervention groups.
Conclusions: Although a culturally tailored, modified carbohydrate dietary intervention led to significant improvements in dietary intake and BMI z-scores, the extremely intensive, individualized, home-based program was no more effective at improving diet, decreasing adiposity or reducing type 2 diabetes risk factors than the traditional classroom-based format.